BOSTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Oct. 28, 2024-- The Trustees of The Putnam Funds have declared the following distributions.

* Distributions may be comprised of ordinary and/or tax-exempt income, net capital gains and/or a return of capital of your investment in the Fund.

The funds periodically provide fund-related information on their websites. The following information will be available for each fund at www.franklintempleton.com at the frequencies indicated: (1) Full holdings will be available monthly beginning on the 8^th business day after the end of each month; (2) Top 10 holdings and additional portfolio statistics will be available monthly, approximately 15 days after month-end.

Franklin Advisers, Inc., the Funds’ manager, is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc.

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PUTNAM SHAREHOLDERS CONTACT: 1-800-225-1581

Source: Franklin Templeton