The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 2023/10/31 and

are signed on its behalf by:

..............................

Leon Filipovic

Director

Company registration number 13310485

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023

2023                                                 2022

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023

1      Accounting policies

Company information

GS Chain Plc is a public company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Ground Floor, 72 Charlotte Street, London, W1T 4QQ. The Company's principal activities and nature of its operations are disclosed in the directors' report.

1.1    Accounting convention

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted for use in the United Kingdom and with those parts of the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS, except as otherwise stated.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except for certain financial instruments classified as financial instruments measured at fair value. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

The Company has not traded or received income since incorporation and so no accounting policy in respect of revenue recognition is disclosed.

Reporting period

The comparative information included in these financial statements are for the period 3 April 2021 to 30 June 2022. The period was longer than 12 months due to it being the first period since incorporation. The comparative amounts presented in the financial statements (including the related notes) are therefore not entirely comparable.

1.2    Going concern

The directors have at the time of approving the financial statements, a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus, the directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements. Further details can be found in the Directors' report under the section headed Going Concern.

1.3    Cash and cash equivalents

Cash represents cash in hand and deposits held on demand with fintech specialised solutions. Cash equivalents are short-term, highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less (as at their date of acquisition). Cash equivalents are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in that cash value.

In the presentation of the Statement of Cash flows, cash and cash equivalents also include bank overdrafts. Any such overdrafts are shown within borrowings under 'current liabilities' on the Statement of Financial Position.

1.4    Financial assets

Financial assets are recognised in the company's statement of financial position when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets are classified into specified categories, depending on the nature and purpose of the financial assets.

Financial assets held at cost

Financial instruments are classified as financial assets measured at cost where the objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal. They are initially recognised at fair value plus transaction costs directly attributable to their acquisition or issue, and are subsequently carried at cost, less provision for impairment where necessary.

Impairment of financial assets

Financial assets carried at cost are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.

The expected credit losses associated with these assets are estimated on a forward-looking basis. A broad range of information is considered when assessing credit risk and measuring expected credit losses, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the expected collectability of the future cash flows of the instrument.

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity.

1.5    Financial liabilities

The company recognises financial debt when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are classified as either 'financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss' or 'other financial liabilities'.

Other financial liabilities

Other financial liabilities, including borrowings, trade payables and other short-term monetary liabilities, are initially measured and subsequently held at fair value net of transaction costs directly attributable to the issuance of the financial liability. For the purposes of each financial liability, interest expense includes initial transaction costs and any premium payable on redemption, as well as any interest or coupon payable while the liability is outstanding.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when, and only when, the company's obligations are discharged, cancelled, or they expire.

1.6    Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company.

1.7    Taxation

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company's liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

1.8    Employee benefits

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of inventories or non-current assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee's services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

1.9    Foreign exchange

Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.

1.10  Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to owners of the Company, excluding any costs of servicing equity other than ordinary shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in ordinary shares issued during the year and excluding treasury shares.

The Company is loss making throughout the period considered in this Financial Information, therefore diluted earnings per share has not been considered.

2      Adoption of new and revised standards and changes in accounting policies

Standards which are in issue but not yet effective

The standards and interpretations that are issued, but not yet effective, up to the date of issuance of the Financial Information are listed below. The Company intends to adopt these standards, if applicable, when they become effective.

IAS 1                                                                       Amendments regarding the classification of liabilities as current or non-current - effective 1 January 2023

IAS 1                                                                       Amendments regarding the disclosure of accounting policies - effective 1 January 2023

IAS 1                                                                       Amendments regarding non-current liabilities with covenants - effective 1 January 2024

IAS 8                                                                       Amendments regarding the definition of accounting estimates - effective 1 January 2023

IAS 12                                                                      Amendments regarding deferred tax on leases and decommissioning obligations - effective 1 January 2023

IFRS 10 and IAS 28                                                  Amendments regarding the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture - effective 1 January 2024

IFRS 16                                                                    Amendments regarding a sale and leaseback transaction - effective 1 January 2024

IFRS 17                                                                    Insurance contracts and subsequent withdrawal of IFRS 4 'Insurance Contracts', and amendments to IFRS 17 - effective 1 January 2023

The Company is evaluating the impact of the new and amended standards above.

The Directors believe that these new and amended standards are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's results or shareholders' funds.

3      Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the company's accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

The estimates and assumptions which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are outlined below.

Critical judgements

Going concern basis

The most significant judgement relates to the adoption of the going concern basis given the Company has not recorded any revenue since the date of incorporation.

The directors consider the Company's cash balances to be sufficient given the cash burn rate of the Company since listing on the London Stock Exchange to ensure the Company will be able to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 12 months from the authorisation of these financial statements.

Further details can be found in the Directors' report under the section headed Going Concern.

6      Directors' remuneration

Remuneration disclosed above includes the following amount paid respectively to the highest paid directors, of which there are four such individuals paid equally (further details included in the Directors' Remuneration report):

Since the Company was registered as a public company on 28 July 2021 four of the directors receive a monthly fee of £4,000 and one director receives a monthly fee of £2,000 under the terms of their respective service agreements for their services to the Company. From 27 June 2023 the directors have agreed to defer payment of fees until such a time that a reverse takeover or acquisition is completed.

7      Income tax expense Analysis of tax expense

No liability to UK corporation tax arose for the year ended 30 June 2023 or period ended 30 June 2022.

Factors affecting the tax expense

The charge for the year can be reconciled to the loss per the statement of profit or loss as follows:

At the year end, there were cumulative unrecognised deferred tax assets of £188,413 (2022: £57,647) in respect of unutilised tax losses. These have not been recognised as their recovery cannot be determined with reasonable certainty.

Deferred tax assets in respect of carried forward losses are not recognised in the financial statements.

8      Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the earnings attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the weighted average number of shares adjusted to assume the conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

9      Operating segments

The Board considers that during both the year ended 30 June 2023 and period ended 30 June 2022 the Company does not have specific segments of operation.

Going forward the Company intends to focus on acquisitions in the technology space; specifically targeting companies that leverage state of the art technology in automotive, fintech, real estate, banking, finance, telecommunications and blockchain industries.

10     Trade and other receivables

The directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets held in the financial statements approximate to their fair values-

Loans comprise solely of amounts loaned to directors. The loan is interest free and repayable on demand.

11     Borrowings

Loans comprise solely of amounts introduced by directors which are for working capital requirements. The loan is interest free and repayable on demand.

12     Fair value of financial liabilities

The directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial liabilities held in the financial statements approximate to their fair values.

13     Liquidity risk

The following table details the remaining contractual maturity for the company's financial liabilities. The contractual maturity is based on the earliest date on which the company may be required to pay.

Liquidity and capital risk management

The Company's capital structure consists of items in shareholders' equity (deficiency). The Company's objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

This was initially done through equity financing on incorporation however since then the Company has moved to achieving liquidity through loans from directors. Future financings are dependent on market conditions. There were no other changes to the Company's approach to capital management during the year.

The Company has adequate sources of capital to complete its business plan, current obligations and ultimately the development of its business over the long term, and will need to raise adequate capital by obtaining equity financing and/or incurring debt.

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. In conjunction with the Company's capital risk management policy, the Company ensures adequate liquidity is obtained and available to meet these obligations. As at 30 June 2023, the Company had a cash balance of £362,916 to settle current liabilities of £542,578. The Company has mitigated liquidity risk by securing additional funding from the directors since the reporting date, details of which can be found in the note entitled Events after the reporting date.

14     Market risk

Market risk management

Interest rate risk

The Company does not currently have any financial instruments that expose the Company to significant interest rate risk as the Company does not have any debt that bears variable interest rates.

Currency risk

The Company's financial instruments are currently all denominated in British Pounds.

Price risk

The Company does not hold any equity securities and therefore is not exposed to price risk.

Credit risk

The Company does not currently have any receivables and therefore is not exposed to credit risk.

15     Business risk

As the Company is in its very early stages, business risk mainly comprises effective cash management to ensure liabilities are met as they fall due. The Board mitigates the impact of this by periodically reviewing cash levels against forecasts and implements strategies and actions to ensure sufficient cash is available for the operation to continue as a going concern in order to meet the Company's objectives.

19     Events after the reporting date

Since the reporting period end date, director loans have been issued to the Company totaling £500,000. These are interest free and repayable on demand. The loan will not be recalled until such a time that there are sufficient funds within the Company to enable repayment and for the business to remain a going concern.

There are no other subsequent events since the reporting date to disclose.

20     Related party transactions

Remuneration of key management personnel

The remuneration of key management personnel comprises solely of the directors. This information is summarised in the note entitled Directors' remuneration with further detail included in the Directors' Remuneration Report.

Other transactions with related parties

Transactions with related parties include directors' fees and loans which are disclosed in the following notes:

•   Directors' remuneration - fees paid to directors in the year

•   Trade and other receivables - loans made by the Company to directors

•   Trade and other payables - cumulative accrued directors fees due to directors at the reporting date

•   Borrowings - loans made by directors to the Company

Of the above, directors' remuneration and accrued directors' fees are arm's length transactions and conducted under normal commercial terms. The directors' loans receivable and payable have no right of offset and are not at arm's length or conducted under normal commercial terms.

21    Controlling party

There is no one shareholder that owns greater than 50% of the issued share capital of GS Chain Plc. The Company therefore does not have an ultimate controlling party.

22    Cash absorbed by operations